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In chess, a tactic refers to a sequence of moves that limits the opponent's options and may result in tangible gain. Tactics are usually contrasted with ''strategy'', in which advantages take longer to be realized, and the opponent is less constrained in responding. The fundamental building blocks of tactics are move sequences in which the opponent is unable to respond to all threats, so the first player realizes an advantage. This includes forks, skewers, batteries, discovered attacks, undermining, overloading, deflection, pins, and interference.〔Edward R. Brace, ''Illustrated Dictionary of Chess'' (Fodor's Travel Publications, 1978) ISBN 978-0-679-50814-4〕 The ''Encyclopedia of Chess Middlegames'' gives the following tactics categories: Double Attack, Pawns Breakthrough, Blockade, Decoying, Discovered Attack, Passed Pawn, X-ray Attack, Interception, Deflection, Pin, Demolition of Pawns, Overloading, Annihilation of Defense, Pursuit (perpetual attack), Intermediate Move, and Space Clearance. Often tactics of more than one type are conjoined in a combination. ==Attacking and defending pieces== A piece is said to attack (or threaten) an opponent's piece if, in the next move, it could capture that piece. A piece is said to defend (or protect) a piece of the defender's color if, in case the defended piece were taken by the opponent, the defender could immediately recapture. Attacking a piece usually, but not always (see Sacrifice), forces the opponent to respond if the attacked piece is undefended, or if the attacking piece is of lower value than the one attacked. When attacked, a player has several options: *capture the attacking piece; *move the attacked piece; *interpose another piece in between the two (if the attacker is not a knight and is not directly adjacent to the piece attacked); *defend the attacked piece, permitting an exchange; *pin the attacking piece so the capture becomes illegal or unprofitable; *allow the piece attacked to be captured, a sacrifice, for some other tactical advantage; or for Tempo *employ a ''zwischenzug'' (create a counter-threat of equal or greater consequence). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「chess tactic」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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